{"id":5388,"date":"2013-03-05T10:03:34","date_gmt":"2013-03-05T08:03:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kortopsikoloji.com\/dergi\/?p=943"},"modified":"2013-03-05T10:03:34","modified_gmt":"2013-03-05T08:03:34","slug":"ruyalar-alemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/ruyalar-alemi\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00dcYALAR ALEM\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

Psikolojik Dan\u0131\u015fman Ceren Akt\u00fcrk<\/strong><\/p>\n

R\u00fcyalar, y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcregelen gizemini g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hala koruyor. Eski \u00e7a\u011flarda r\u00fcyalar\u0131 Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6nderdi\u011fine inan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. R\u00fcyalar\u0131n gelece\u011fe ili\u015fkin kehanetler ya da hastalar\u0131 iyile\u015ftirecek bilgiler i\u00e7erdi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Her insan toplulu\u011funun r\u00fcyay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131\u015f\u0131 kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermekteydi. Halen de b\u00f6yle devam etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz. \u00d6te yandan 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren bilimin \u00f6nem kazanmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleriyle elde edilen bilginin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla birlikte, r\u00fcyayla ilgili yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda da bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>R\u00fcya, uykunun genel ve karakteristik \u00f6zelliklerinden biridir. Uyku s\u0131ras\u0131nda beyin dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Uykuya dald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z andan itibaren ise beyinde olu\u015fan dalgalar (sinyaller) uyku s\u00fcresince ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde devam etmez. Bunlar\u0131, birbirini takip eden evreler olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. Uykuya dald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z andan itibaren beyin dalgalar\u0131 yava\u015flay\u0131p daha ritmik bir durum almaya ba\u015flar. R\u00fcyalarsa, uykunun h\u0131zl\u0131 g\u00f6z hareketlerinin (REM) oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin 8 saatlik bir uykuda 4-5 kez bu d\u00f6neme gireriz ve bunlar\u0131n toplam s\u00fcresi 90-120 dakikad\u0131r. Peki r\u00fcyay\u0131 uykunun bu d\u00f6nemlerinde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz nas\u0131l tespit edilmi\u015ftir? Bunun i\u00e7in iki \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klama yapmam m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. \u0130lki, uykunun bu d\u00f6nemlerinde uyand\u0131r\u0131lan ki\u015filerin, uyand\u0131klar\u0131nda r\u00fcya g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini s\u00f6ylemeleridir. \u0130kincisiyse uykunun bu d\u00f6neminde g\u00f6z kapaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kapal\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, g\u00f6z k\u00fcrelerimizin sanki bir olay\u0131 izliyormu\u015f, ya\u015f\u0131yormu\u015f gibi h\u0131zl\u0131 hareketler i\u00e7inde olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk olarak r\u00fcya soyut bir olay olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclse de asl\u0131nda bir a\u00e7\u0131dan olduk\u00e7a somut bir olay olarak nitelendirilebilir. R\u00fcya s\u0131ras\u0131nda beyinde \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler meydana gelir. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ise beyinle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc asl\u0131nda bedenimizi t\u00fcm\u00fcyle etkiledi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin nefes al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015fimizin s\u0131kla\u015fmas\u0131, kalp ritmimizin h\u0131zlanmas\u0131, tansiyonumuzun hafif\u00e7e artmas\u0131, kaslar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n gerilmesi, bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler aras\u0131nda say\u0131labilir. Baz\u0131 cihazlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ki\u015finin r\u00fcya g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ba\u015fkalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenebilse de, elbette ki\u015fi g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc r\u00fcyan\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fini sadece kendisi bilecektir. Belki de \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi r\u00fcyalar\u0131n gizeminin burada sakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilir. R\u00fcyalar\u0131n biyolojik\u00a0i\u00e7eri\u011fi de dahil, i\u015fleyi\u015fi ve i\u015flevleri t\u00fcm\u00fcyle anla\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sebeple farkl\u0131 yorumlara ve a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imlerine \u00a0ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla olduk\u00e7a ilgin\u00e7 ve yoruma a\u00e7\u0131k bir konu olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Psikoloji bilimi, \u00a0r\u00fcyalar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011finin hem d\u0131\u015f etkenlerden hem i\u00e7sel d\u00fcnyam\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturuldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. R\u00fcyan\u0131n gidi\u015fat\u0131nda sonsuz say\u0131da senaryodan bahsetmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00a0 ve bu gidi\u015fat\u0131 belirleyen as\u0131l etken ki\u015finin i\u00e7sel d\u00fcnyas\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 R\u00fcyalar\u0131n neredeyse t\u00fcm\u00fcyle baz\u0131 simgelerden, sembollerden kuruldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Ancak r\u00fcyan\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015finin ele al\u0131n\u0131\u015f\u0131nda psikoloji ekolleri \u00a0kendi aralar\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermektedir. Psikanalitik kuram\u0131n kurucusu Freud\u2019a g\u00f6re r\u00fcyalar, insan\u0131n uyan\u0131k ya\u015fam\u0131nda arka plana itilmi\u015f, sosyal ve etik de\u011ferlerle kontrol alt\u0131nda tutulmu\u015f ya da bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve duygular\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131r. Jung\u2019a g\u00f6reyse r\u00fcyan\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 bilin\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Bilin\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunan \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f ortak \u015fablonlar r\u00fcyada sembollere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler ve semboller \u00fczerinden gidilerek analiz yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

R\u00fcya \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan baz\u0131 psikologlara g\u00f6reyse r\u00fcyalar ‘problem \u00e7\u00f6zme denemeleri’dir. R\u00fcyalarda pasif bir seyirci de\u011fil, aktif bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma halindeyizdir. R\u00fcyalar\u0131m\u0131z s\u0131ras\u0131nda bizim i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan ya\u015fam konular\u0131n\u0131, sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131r\u0131z. O sorunlar \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, de\u011ferlendirmeler yapar\u0131z. \u00d6rne\u011fin psikolog Ross Levin, k\u00f6t\u00fc r\u00fcyalar\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famdaki stres ve korkular\u0131m\u0131zla sava\u015fmak gibi i\u015flevsel bir ama\u00e7 bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131r. R\u00fcyalar\u0131 bir \u00e7e\u015fit “duygu termostatlar\u0131” olarak tan\u0131mlayan Levin, stres seviyemiz y\u00fckseldi\u011finde k\u00f6t\u00fc r\u00fcyalar ve kabuslar g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, r\u00fcyalar\u0131n bizi bir \u015fekilde stres seviyemizin tehlikeli y\u00fckseli\u015fine kar\u015f\u0131 uyard\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm bu ve benzer a\u00e7\u0131klamalara ra\u011fmen, r\u00fcyalar ve i\u015flevlerine dair pek \u00e7ok bilinmeyenle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z. Bilim, bu konuda bize \u00f6nemli veriler sunsa da yine de varsay\u0131mlar, \u00fcst\u00fcnde fikir birli\u011fine var\u0131lanlar kadar fazla. Bu nedenle r\u00fcyalar\u0131n gizemi hala devam ediyor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u00fcyalar, y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcregelen gizemini g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hala koruyor. Bu yaz\u0131da psikoloji biliminin r\u00fcyalara bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yoruz. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6714,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,313],"tags":[310,311,312,82,314,315,316],"class_list":["post-5388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kisisel-gelisim-yazilari","category-mart2013","tag-beyin","tag-bilincalti","tag-gizem","tag-psikoloji","tag-ruya","tag-ruya-tabiri","tag-ruya-yorumu"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":8}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5388","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5388"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5388\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/korto.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}